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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
二十大代表风采丨马玉山：用责任心拧紧“大国重器”****** 中新网银川10月10日电 题：马玉山：用责任心拧紧“大国重器” 中新网记者 杨迪 奋战在国家装备制造工程一线，带领企业从低谷中“浴火重生”，改变进口阀“卡脖子”状况……近日接受中新网记者电话采访时，中国工程院院士，吴忠仪表有限责任公司党委书记、董事长马玉山直言，是责任心与使命感让他在困难中一直坚持下去，为自动控制装备国产化贡献力量。 1991年，马玉山从吉林大学毕业，分配到宁夏吴忠仪表厂，成为一名车间见习工人。彼时，大学生可谓“天之骄子”，毕业后在西北的一家小企业做工人，马玉山坦言，起初自己心里有点“不太平衡”：“那时，和我同期的毕业生大多都分配到了东南沿海地区的大厂，而我却来到了西北地区。” 但马玉山并未就此自怨自艾，他很快调整心态，开始从“底层”干起。在工作之余加班学习，主动向他人请教……凭借不懈的努力，马玉山快速成长，于2001年成为吴忠仪表的总工程师。 但此时，马玉山所在的企业却遭遇危机。20世纪九十年代初，吴忠仪表厂遭遇转型阵痛，在最低谷的时期，企业入不敷出，职工工资都难以发放，人员大量流失，面临倒闭风险。 马玉山并未选择逃离。“当时就是一种不服输的责任心让我坚持着，想把企业‘救活’。”为此，马玉山采取了开源节流、智能化管理、拓展产品销售渠道、安抚员工等多种措施。同时，宁夏各级党委和政府也为吴忠仪表厂“雪中送炭”，在多个重大装备国产化项目中“穿针引线”，为企业提供工程项目、政策扶持和资金补贴，帮助企业平稳度过转型期的阵痛。  马玉山(中)在工作中。 受访者 供图2010年，吴忠仪表厂改制吴忠仪表有限责任公司，彼时，国产阀价低质劣，国产装备用的高端阀被进口阀所垄断。“我是做产品设计出身的，我也清楚，只有做高端阀，企业才有出路，才能解决进口阀‘卡脖子’的问题。”马玉山就此萌发了自主制造高端阀的念头。 于是，马玉山带领团队，一步步在制造高端阀的路上攻坚克难。“在研发过程中，我们也经常失败，这时就及时总结经验来完善。”马玉山说。 “尤其是在煤化工领域，我们取得了突破。”马玉山介绍，大量煤化工所需的控制阀产品都需要耐高温高压和强腐蚀，国外产品也难以满足。他所在的团队经过攻坚，在该领域实现了突破：2013年，投资500亿元的全球单套规模最大煤制油项目在宁夏启动，马玉山团队负责研发该项目的控制阀。凭借着整个团队的努力，吴忠仪表取得了440多项发明和实用新型专利，解决了制约流程工业自动控制装备国产化中众多“卡脖子”项目。 此外，马玉山还积极为西部地区的工业人才培养贡献力量。“我们通过高薪聘请顶尖人才，并以‘师傅带徒弟’的形式培养宁夏本地人才，形成了一座完整的人才‘金字塔’。”马玉山说，未来，他的团队希望在低温领域、海洋工程、航空航天等的关键基础零部件领域去拓展，为“大国重器”的智能制造做出自己的贡献。(完)
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